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Not
everyone who helps spin the meth web is from Michoacan, or from
Mexico for that matter, and many of them are caught themselves by
the drug's grip. And not all of the Central Valley's meth spiders
make or sell the finished product. Some are specialists who operate
subsidiary enterprises that keep the web operating.
Kevin
used to be one of those specialists. Less than a year ago, he was
among an elite handful of people in the meth web who knew how to
manufacture hydrogen chloride gas, a critical ingredient in large-scale
meth cooks.
"I
had the Mexicans coming to me. I had independent cookers who could
do five labs at different places," he says. "They needed
me."
More
precisely, they needed his product. Before Kevin, meth suppliers
were forced to travel out of state or to Mexico to fetch the gas
and bring it back to California. But Kevin's operation, in the back
yard of a small home in Merced County, made better business sense
for Valley traffickers -- no travel, no middlemen.
One
5-gallon cylinder of hydrogen chloride gas, Kevin says, would sell
for $5,000. One customer paid him $15,000 cash up front; another
wanted him to sell to his family exclusively. Contacts would bring
him anything he wanted to make sure a deal went through. He had
more than a dozen cars and dressed in Wranglers, dress shirts and
boots. He never was too flashy. He always was low-key, in control.
Kevin
was building refinery tanks in Bakersfield when his marriage fell
apart in 1981. He spiraled into a world of all-night binges. A friend
gave him pure crystal meth to snort. It was his first hit of "killer
dope." Using the stuff cost him jobs in Bakersfield and Fresno.
He drifted north to Merced County, eventually parking his trailer
next to a house in the tiny town of Ballico.
Still
hungry for meth, Kevin dipped into his savings to buy larger quantities.
He needed money, so he started a welding service and converted a
shed into an office. In a matter of days, the business was serving
as a front for drug dealing. One of Kevin's drug-using friends became
his "runner" and would buy, on average, 2 pounds of meth
a week from Mexican distributors. Kevin never met them face to face;
it was his policy.
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Rick McIntyre of Fowler, reflects on his former life as a user and a big-time meth dealer. In the end, he was caught. He avoided any real prison time but went into treatment at The Salvation Army's Adult Rehabilitation Center in Fresno.
Bee Photographer - Craig Kohlruss |
The
front didn't last. One night, Kevin's runner was tipped that agents
were planning a raid. Kevin stuffed his dope into a small metal
box and hid it behind a piece of broken machinery in a grease puddle.
He and his runner left town. Narcotics agents busted in just before
midnight. They didn't find the dope or evidence of drug dealing,
but they seized hypodermic needles and guns.
"I
had an assault rifle, a 12-gauge shotgun, a .41 Magnum, a .45. They
also seized a small-caliber handgun. I had the guns to protect myself.
When I had a lot of money, people thought they could creep up on
me and rob me," Kevin says.
The
raid upset Kevin's sense of security. He stopped dealing the next
day, transferred his customers to another dealer and retreated back
into drug use. But not for long. In the mid-1990s, he noticed that
the quality of street meth had degenerated, so he decided to get
back into the business as a manufacturer.
He
befriended a string of people who knew how to cook and invited them
to use his kitchen. Soon he was introduced to other cooks who knew
larger-scale cooks who knew chemical suppliers who knew distributors.
He met a "friend of a friend" who would bring home buckets
of red phosphorus from his workplace, an East Bay chemical plant.
"People
used to come to me for anything and everything. I had the connection
for red phosphorus, I had iodine crystals here and there, and I
had the dope."
He
had many contacts, but one would turn small-time Kevin into a big-time
player. The contact knew how to produce hydrogen chloride gas. Drug
agents were closing in on his contact's operation, and he was looking
for another place in another town. They set up shop on the Ballico
property.
"The hazards they create not only for themselves but the adjoining property is just tremendous. It's a bomb waiting to happen."
-- Josh Pino, chief building inspector for the city of Sacramento
code enforcement team, speaking
on the dangers of meth labs.
The
process to make the gas, Kevin says, is mind-numbingly simple, and
the chemicals are available over the counter: "It's amazing.
It's about a $100 investment. My return is $5,000." It typically
would take two hours to make the gas, even less time after he perfected
his technique.
But
at first, Kevin made mistakes. The valve on a cylinder got stuck,
and pressure started to build. Kevin started to sweat. A few seconds
later, the valve shot into the air. A 30-foot-long column of acid
and rock salt followed.
"The
liquid acid shot clear past the roof of my house and came close
to this walnut tree," he says. "Then it started to rain
acid. It rained on my house and shop, in the orchard, a little on
my head."
Another
time, moisture seeped into a cylinder he was preparing to deliver
to a customer. He had placed it in the truck bed, then gone back
into the house. When he returned, he noticed a dense fog forming.
The truck's windows had cracked.
"Mexican
field-workers were trimming the trees, and this cloud just kept
on getting bigger and bigger, and there was nothing I could do to
stop it." The cloud mushroomed into the size of a small house,
drifted through the orchard and rolled over the workers.
Mishaps
in the lab were rare. But just as business started to boom, a partner
became Kevin's undoing.
The
partner and his girlfriend moved into Kevin's home, and they fought
constantly. Kevin repeatedly warned them to calm down lest they
jeopardize the business by drawing attention to the house. One night,
an argument spilled into the front yard, so Kevin told his partner
to leave. The man packed his supplies and left the next morning
in one of Kevin's 13 vehicles, a Ford Galaxy. He drove less than
a quarter mile east when he stopped the car.
Around
8:30 a.m. Aug. 25, 1999, Merced County deputies received a report
of a suspicious person near a Ballico intersection. The man was
rummaging through items in the back seat of the car when a deputy
arrived. He agreed to a search. Glassware, tubes and other equipment
used to manufacture meth were found in the trunk.
Narcotics
agents were contacted, and Kevin's partner gave him up. Authorities
found about 20 gas canisters, air conditioning pumps, rock salt
and sulfuric acid on the property. Kevin was arrested; a chemical
buyer at the house was questioned, then released.
"They
thought they had a real wizard when they busted me," says Kevin,
who was sentenced to five years' felony probation and mandatory
drug rehabilitation. "The day I got busted, I would have made
$30,000."
Rick
McIntyre was a recreational drug user for 20 years, dabbling in
cocaine and marijuana. He held a good job as the operations manager
of a trucking firm. He had a wife and a house in Fowler in Fresno
County on property his parents owned.
But
early in 1997, at age 43, McIntyre started snorting crank. He kept
his wife and job, but his habit was costing him a lot of money.
So he started dealing.
He
started with ounces, buying from a man he had known for years. Business
was good, so he moved up to pounds. His friends had contacts with
a group from Michoacan, so they began to deliver a pound at a time
to an orange grove near Sanger in Fresno County -- fourth tree from
the road.
McIntyre
paid $4,600 for a pound, then sold it by the ounce to street dealers
for $500 each. Sixteen ounces at $500 per comes to $8,000 a pound.
In theory.
Reality,
however, varied from theory. McIntyre "fronted" the dope
to some dealers, who then failed to pay him back. His own meth use
skyrocketed. Profits dwindled. He started to skid. In one 19-day
stretch, he didn't sleep.
Despite
the lack of rest, however, he remained cautious. He sold only to
people he knew personally, friends. "I mean they were dope
friends," McIntyre explains. "Once I got in trouble, they
didn't want to talk to me."
Through
his addiction, McIntyre remained a reliable customer to the men
from Michoacan. They were intrigued with the property he lived on
-- a large plot on a dead-end street, accessible only through an
electronic gate -- a cooker's paradise. So in December 1997, they
made a deal. They would cook in a barn a few hundred feet behind
McIntyre's house and pay him a weekly rent of $40,000. They gave
him a $6,000 down payment.
McIntyre
told his wife they were using the barn to "chop up" stolen
cars. The Michoacan men set up a super lab capable of making 100
pounds a cook. In a week, they made up to 400 pounds. McIntyre got
only a pound.
Soon
after the lab began operations, drug enforcement agents acting on
a tip from a money-jealous relative busted the lab and arrested
McIntyre. The cooking crew wasn't on the property when the bust
went down and got away. McIntyre hired a high-priced lawyer and,
after a month served, got probation.
Now,
he says, he sometimes reflects on the damage the dope he sold may
have caused. Maybe his customers ended up in prison. Maybe they
became violent and hurt someone. Maybe they exposed their kids to
the ugly web of meth. But when he was dealing, he says, he thought
he was doing them a favor.
"I
was providing a service. I was in the commodities business,"
he rationalizes. "It was like people need their sugar, their
coffee, their meth."
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